GENERATIONS OF MOBILE PHONES
1)First Generation
The main technological development that distinguished the First
Generation mobile phones from the previous generation was the use of
multiple cell sites, and the ability to transfer calls from one site to
the next as the user travel led between cells during a conversation. The
first commercially automated cellular network (the 1G generation) was
launched in Japan by NTT in 1979. 2)Second Generation
In the 1990s, the 'second generation' (2G) mobile phone systems emerged,
primarily using theGSM standard. These 2G phone systems differed from
the previous generation in their use of digital transmission instead of
analog transmission, and also by the introduction of advanced and fast
phone-to-network signaling. The rise in mobile phone usage as a result
of 2G was explosive and this era also saw the advent of prepaid mobile
phones
In 1991 the first GSM network opened in Finland. In general the frequencies used by 2G systems in Europe were higher than those in America, though with some overlap. For example, the 900 MHz frequency range was used for both 1G and 2G systems in Europe, so the 1G systems were rapidly closed down to make space for the 2G systems. In America the IS-54standard was deployed in the same band as AMPS and displaced some of the existing analog channels.
The second generation introduced a new variant to communication, as SMS text messaging became possible, initially on GSM networks and eventually on all digital networks. The first machine-generated SMS message was sent in the UK on 3 December 1992. The first person-to-person SMS text message was sent in Finland in 1993. Soon SMS became the communication method of preference for the youth. Today in many advanced markets the general public prefers sending text messages to placing voice calls.
In 1991 the first GSM network opened in Finland. In general the frequencies used by 2G systems in Europe were higher than those in America, though with some overlap. For example, the 900 MHz frequency range was used for both 1G and 2G systems in Europe, so the 1G systems were rapidly closed down to make space for the 2G systems. In America the IS-54standard was deployed in the same band as AMPS and displaced some of the existing analog channels.
The second generation introduced a new variant to communication, as SMS text messaging became possible, initially on GSM networks and eventually on all digital networks. The first machine-generated SMS message was sent in the UK on 3 December 1992. The first person-to-person SMS text message was sent in Finland in 1993. Soon SMS became the communication method of preference for the youth. Today in many advanced markets the general public prefers sending text messages to placing voice calls.
3)Third Generation
As the use of 2G phones became more widespread and people began to
utilise mobile phones in their daily lives, it became clear that demand
for data services (such as access to the internet) was growing.
The first pre-commercial trial network with 3G was launched by NTT DoCoMo in Japan in the Tokyo region in May 2001. NTT DoCoMo launched the first commercial 3G network on October 1, 2001, using the WCDMA technology. In 2002 the first 3G networks on the rival CDMA2000 1xEV-DO technology were launched by SK Telecom and KTF in South Korea. By the end of 2002, the second WCDMA network was launched in Japan by Vodafone KK . European launches of 3G were in Italy and the UK by the Three/Hutchison group, on WCDMA. 2003 saw a further 8 commercial launches of 3G, six more on WCDMA and two more on the EV-DO standard.
4)Fourth Generation
